The Difference Between Catholicism and Lutheranism Essay Example

The Difference Between Catholicism and Lutheranism Essay Christianity. Most people on earth have heard of it. As a matter of fact, more people believe in or practice Christianity than any other religion on the planet. What many people do not understand is that there are different denominations of Christianity. Catholicism and Lutheranism are excellent examples of the similarities and differences within Christianity. In fact, Lutheranism stemmed from Catholicism. In the sixteenth century, a friar name Martin Luther wanted to reform the Catholic Church (Hillerbrand and Marty). When his ideas were stonewalled and he was excommunicated from the Roman Catholic Church, he began to launch a Protestant Reformation movement for those not happy with the Catholic way of life. These factions are similar in many ways because they stem from the same place; however, there are several small differences which set them apart from each other. Though Catholics and Lutherans generally believe in the same major parts in their religions, the first major difference is in numbers alone. There are 2.4 billion people in the world practicing Christianity. Of those people, 1.14 billion believe in Catholicism and only 72.3 million who keep their beliefs in Lutheranism (Muanda). These figures show that the Catholic religion is much more widespread across the world. Lutheranism is practiced all over the globe except in Northwest Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and most of Asia. Catholicism has reached out and been successful in a great majority of countries. It has a worldwide arm span bringing new members into the fold everywhere except Saudi Arabia (Roman Catholics). We will write a custom essay sample on The Difference Between Catholicism and Lutheranism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Difference Between Catholicism and Lutheranism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Difference Between Catholicism and Lutheranism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Both of these religious sects are monotheistic. They believe in one God. In fact, they believe in the very same God as each other. Catholics and Lutherans also believe in Jesus Christ as the son of that God. â€Å"They both believe that God sent his son Jesus Christ to be the savior of mankind† (Markey). Both Catholics and Lutherans believe that Jesus Christ

Ferragamo Case Analysis Essays

Ferragamo Case Analysis Essays Ferragamo Case Analysis Essay Ferragamo Case Analysis Essay Essay Topic: Marketing Ferragamos strategy in Salvatores times was a narrow, differentiation strategy by Porters definition. They had upper class customers limited in region, and sold shoes differentiated in innovative design and craftsmanship. Now in the family times, Ferragamo has a broad, differentiated strategy. They still have upper class people as their customers and differentiate themselves in quality, but they serve customers from all around the world and produce clothes and fashion accessories as well as shoes. Strategy Recommendation I recommend that Ferragamo should keep focusing on the global upper class customers and offer quality and luxurious goods, but also broaden their strategy in terms of customer age and gender, and different product lines. External Factors : Porters Five Forces Model (Exhibit 1) shows the external environment that Ferragamo is in. The luxurious fashion industry is a highly competitive industry. There are many companies competing in the same industry. Also, in the system of external manufacturing and the quality of the product being very important, the suppliers have high bargaining power. Rivals playing in the field must create strategies to differentiate oneself from other competitiors since the customers are not very sensitive to price, but demands value-added products. Internal Factors Using Barneys VIRO Model (Exhibit 2), we can see that Ferragamos strengths are mainly created in production, design, and organizational structure. Their stringent manufacturing standards and close relationships with the manufacturing suppliers resulted in high quality products. The consistent and practical, yet innovative designs and broad range of sizes gave the customers satisfaction, making them repeat customers. Also, Ferragamos informal organizational structure made the employees to be open-minded and creative. The current problems that Ferragamo have is that the Ferragamo family is valuing family harmony so much that their decision making is very slow and it is not a good factor for a such a competitive industry. Also, they are focusing on product quality so much that they dont think about the customers very much. They dont know exactly who their customers are and what they want from Ferragamo. Just making high quality products with a good design is appealing to customers so far, but you never know when they want something more, so Ferragamo should keep an eye on the market. Specific Implementation Strategies Ferragamo is doing a good job in creating value for the customers, thus building a good brand identity, starting in shoes. Now what they need to do is to move on to other fashion product lines, like products for all ages. For example, the sound of Ferragamo producing baby clothes and shoes will tempt many current customers since they are well known for their quality. Making products for the whole family would make synergies for the whole company. But it all has to be consistent with the whole Ferragamo image. Moving into cosmetics and watches would be a little too early, considering that those products need much RD as well as the design and aesthetic point. Implementation Threats The potential threats that can emerge during implementation are that going into too many products at once can decrease the quality of Ferragamos products. Thats exactly what Wanda thought about some of Ferragamos rivals and it could happen to them also. The quality and the number of product lines and quantity of the products can have a trade-off relationship if not managed properly. Also, the customers might think Ferragamo is losing their specialty in shoes expanding into other products lines.

#1 - the effectiveness of graphic organizers #2 -Learning vocabulary Article

#1 - the effectiveness of graphic organizers #2 -Learning vocabulary through reading - Article Example There were earlier studies in the area, though limited in scope, which have brought out the positive aspects of graphic organizers. The reviewed study aims to provide additional knowledge in the recently implemented systems where remedial students and students with learning disabilities are mainstreamed, and it could ostensibly lead to significant research in the field. The review of literature is carried out promptly, mentioning studies in the field by Bergerud, Lovitt, and Horton, Darch and Carnine, Sinatra et.al., Scruggs et.al., Mastropieri et. al., and so on. The review goes in detail to the significance of their studies and critically evaluates them, establishing the necessity of the present study. It also establishes a theoretical framework, holds scope to make use of the effectiveness of graphic organizers for students with learning handicap to the relatively new aspect of mainstream instruction. The authors succeed in relating previous research to their work. The study has three research questions which are hypothesized in affirmative answers. The questions are: 1. are the graphic organizers more effective than self-study condition for the three classifications mentioned? 2. do graphic organizers produce consistent effects in middle school and high school across a variety of content area classes? and 3. can teachers successfully implement graphic organizers with heterogeneous groups through teacher-directed and student-directed procedures? The hypothesis is consistent with theory and known facts. It is explained as testable, and promised to provide expected results. The methodology is explained with sufficient clarity so as to allow future researchers to replicate it for their purposes. The population used is selected from nine whole classes of three each from middle school science, middle school social studies and high school social studies. From each subject area, two classes are randomly selected to serve as experimental groups and

Critical review of John Mearsheimer's The Tragedy of Great Power Essay

Critical review of John Mearsheimer's The Tragedy of Great Power - Essay Example Summary: Mearsheimer started the book with a focus on the offensive realistic theory that fundamentally emphasizes that the international political scenario is considerably anarchic. Different nations have developed a fear against one another in their race of power and autonomy. Mearsheimer asserts that all countries are basically striving hard to become a hegemon for the simple reason that they feel that this would make them secure. All the national and international activities of states revolve around one solid aim i.e. to achieve more and more control and power over the world and its resources as compared to others in the competition. All countries are included in the competition of security. Military capabilities of a nation play a decisive role in determining its power, status and global image. If a nation wants to enhance its strength, one thing that it needs to focus on and improve is its army. It is the army that enables a nation to win battles. Land power is essential in ord er to attain all other forms of power. Latent power that covers the financial strength, economic stability, population, literacy rate and high intellect is secondary to the actual power, though the former is extremely important to generate the latter. There are several nations that are currently accoutered with nuclear power, yet very few to none of them actually plan to ever use that power. Their disinclination towards the use of their nuclear power is a clear indication of the fact that land power is indeed, the fundamental sign of power. In fact, the same disinclination towards using nuclear power displayed by the nuclear powers of the contemporary age is in itself a cause of stability among individual nations. Offensive realism fundamentally revolves around the conception that great powers tend to look out for chances to overpower their adversaries and their ultimate goal is hegemony. This is opposite to the ideology of defensive realism that encourages the states to take necess ary measures so as to ensure their safety and security. In such an ideology, the ultimate motif is not power, and hence the international relations are not as prone to conflicts as they are in the case of offensive realism. Mearsheimer believes that no state is intrinsically arrogant or aggressive. Indeed, aggression is an artificially acquired characteristic that is deemed important to survive in an uncertain global environment, altering power distribution and inadequate military support. Mearsheimer has not just made statements about offensive realism, he has actually tested and justified it in his book. In order to validate the offensive realism, Mearsheimer has emphasized that in order to survive through the time as a nation, it is imperative that people choose leaders because they struggle to make a nation strong and powerful. He has testified his own claim with clear emphasis on cases from the history. Mearsheimer has achieved this by analyzing matters with respect to several questions. He has checked if there was a direct relation between a nation’s power and aggression in its international interactions. He has judged the factors that determine a nation’s response to the aggression it is offered by external agencies. He has also studied the variation in the functionality and tendency of bipolar and multipolar

Compare and contrast two case studies of strategic management Essay

Compare and contrast two case studies of strategic management techniques in the public sector in order to examine a) the impact of strategic leadership and b) t - Essay Example We shall try to apply theoretical knowledge to the case study research. This theoretical knowledge will become the basis for fulfilling the main purpose of the present case study. Glaxo is a health company with strong foundation into science. It is occupied with production of medicine for World health Organizations three priority diseases – HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria. The strategic management of the company consists of four steps – draw, see, think and plan. Reuters is known to be news service organization. It is necessary to mention that the company was established in 1851 by Paul Julius Reuter. Nowadays Reuters provides reports to newspapers from the whole world. But news provides only less than 10% of Reuter’s income. It concentrates on providing financial markets with necessary and essential information about new products and their trading. Their activities involve currency rates, share price and other market data. (Kay 1995) Strategic management is â€Å"the process of specifying an organizations objectives, developing policies and plans to achieve these objectives, and allocating resources so as to implement the plans†. (Strategic management techniques) It is known that strategic management is the highest level of managerial process. This process is performed by executive team headed by CEO (Chief Executive Officer). (Kay 1996) Strategic management is also concerned as combination of formulation and implementation of company’s strategy. But there must be strong correlation between purpose and the chosen strategy. There are several steps of strategy formulation: These two processes are on-going and ever-lasting. It is a common knowledge that strategic management is really dynamic and it requires permanent reformation and improvement. It also includes patterns of complex actions and reactions,

The Wife of Bath’s Faithfulness Essay Example for Free

The Wife of Bath’s Faithfulness Essay In The Canterbury Tales, Geoffrey Chaucer reveals the characteristics of the Wife of Bath through her tale and background. Chaucer portrays the Wife of Bath as a woman of faith through her religious actions and beliefs despite her human faults. Chaucer states in the General Prologue that â€Å"not a dame dared stir/ [t]owards the altar steps in front of her,† meaning that no one stepped in front of her to receive communion (GP ll. 459-460). If one did go ahead of her, â€Å"so wrath was she/ [a]s to be quite put out of charity† (GP ll. 461-462). Chaucer depicts the Wife of Bath as eager to receive the Sunday communion. By displaying her eagerness to receive communion, Chaucer explains that she has compassion for the Church. Furthermore, the Wife of Bath displays her respect for the church by dressing in her best outfits such as â€Å"hose [that] were of the finest scarlet red† (GP l. 466). Also, Chaucer states that the Wife of Bath â€Å"had five husbands, [but she had them] all at the church door† (GP l. 470). In the eyes of the church getting married at the church door is a sign of her faith. In her tale, the Wife of Bath expresses a dislike for the â€Å"holy friars,† whom she describes as having â€Å"seem[ed] to have purged the air† (W l. 10). Purging the air in this case refers to the friars raping the fairies. The Wife of Bath conveys loyalty to the church by expressing concern that the â€Å"holy friars† would commit the terrible sin of rape, considering their position in the church. Also in her story, she tells of a knight who raped a maiden (W l. 34). The king was to â€Å"condemn [] the knight to lose his head/ [b]y course of law,† but the queen begged the king to let her impose the sentence (W ll. 37-38). As a result, the king gave her the authority to decide the fate of the knight. The queen summoned the knight to ask him the question, â€Å"what is the thing that women most desire?† (W l. 51). If he answered the question correctly within a year and a day, then he could keep his life (W l. 50). With the help of the Wife of Bath, the knight returned with the right answer and his life was saved (W l. 191), and then kept his pledge to marry her (W 1. 201). She makes the pledge to the knight to be a faithful and fair wife (W 1. 387). The Wife of Bath reveals her own faithfulness through the knight’s integrity to return to the queen with an answer. Through her tale and her own actions, the Wife of Bath presents herself as a woman of faith.

The Woman’s Christian Temperance Union and the Creation of a Politicize

The Woman’s Christian Temperance Union and the Creation of a Politicized Female Reform Culture In 1879, a group of evangelical churchwomen, all members of the Illinois Woman’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), presented to their state legislature a massive petition asking that Illinois women be granted the right to vote. The architect of this ambitious petition campaign, which resulted in 180,000 signatures of support, was Frances Willard, then president of the Illinois WCTU. In using her position as a prominent WCTU leader to agitate for enfranchisement of women, Willard went against the express commands of the National WCTU and its president, Annie Wittenmeyer, who had made clear only one year earlier that the WCTU would not involve itself in any way with the suffrage movement. Willard’s efforts to build support for suffrage within the WCTU were only a part of a larger pattern of change. During the 1880s, WCTU members constructed a highly politicized women’s reform culture that supported both women’s enfranchisement and political partisanshi p. This essay looks at the first four years of this culture through some of the people and events that were most crucial to its growth. Founded in 1874, the late nineteenth century WCTU quickly became one of the most powerful reform organizations in the United States. By the mid-1880s, the WCTU boasted a membership near 100,000 and chapters in every state and territory, making it the first truly national women’s organization in the country. The size and influence of the WCTU during this period was unprecedented; no other women’s reform organization had ever had its power and scope. For the first time, tens of thousands of women were entering the public sphere as agitators a... ...olitical—particularly in the South and, to a lesser extent, in small towns in the North—the national chapter’s unswerving devotion to politicized reform created a culture that encompassed—but minimally infringed upon—even non-political WCTUs. Although temperance women’s alliance with the Prohibition party failed to result in their enfranchisement, or in a influential political party led by women, (the party’s influence peaked in 1884, and by 1892 it was once again of negligible political importance), the WCTU nevertheless helped shape a distinct political sphere for women. And the extensive amount of â€Å"moral† legislation that WCTU women successfully agitated for at the state and local levels, such as prohibition, blue laws, age of consent, school suffrage for women, and scientific temperance education in public schools is evidence of how strong that culture was.

One Good Turn Deserves Another Essay

When someone does you a good deed, you must never forget it. You must look out for the opportunity to do a good deed to that person. If you do not get that opportunity then you must pass on the good deed to someone else. It is quite a strange fact of life, that a good deed done to another always bring some kind of reward to the person who has done the good deed. Hence you must always return good with good. People go throughout their day encountering random acts of kindness in many various ways. Whether it is simply acknowledging someone who walks right past you by saying hello and smiling, or just holding the door open for someone entering behind you, kindness is everywhere. However, there are also certain people who do not openly express their kindness to others. For example, take the driver who suddenly and abruptly cuts you off when changing lanes; even though you would like to tailgate him all the way to his house to make him angry, â€Å"one good turn, deserves another.† Let the driver go, and carry on with your day. In return, the driver may feel sorry for his or her actions and perhaps one day, when you extremely need to craft a massive 5 lane change manoeuvre, someone will let you go. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him has always preached the philosophy â€Å"Always be kind to others† to his Ummah. Once he said, â€Å"He who is deprived of kindness is deprived of goodness.† Even if others may not behave in a benevolent manner towards you, always respond with kindness. A favour in return for a favour That is what any man will do A favour in return for an evil That is what a manly man will do Sometimes, people may be astonished by your response and feel obliged to do the same to others. In addition to it, a touch of satisfaction lies in performing good to others.

Desert Biome

De iomee ert B s n g rick Bor By: E Period:2 Where is the desert biome located Usually located in U. S. A, South America, Africa,Europe,Austalia,and Asia. located in hot, dry locations around the Earth. Deserts cover about one fifth of the Earth's land surface. What's the climate like? All deserts are dry, arid places, but some may be cold depending on the location. Desert regions usually only receive 10 inches of rain per year. A very low latitude climate. Usually have average temperature over 64Â ° F(18Â ° C). The climate is formed by high-pressure zones in which cold air descends.Who lives in the Desert? The animals that live in the desert such as camels, snakes, lizards, scorpions, coyotes, armadillos, hawks, and kangaroos, have special adaptations that allow them to survive the extreme temperatures and conditions that present in a desert. There's also things like plants such as cactus, ocotillo a leafy green plant that produces flowers) and shrubs. Plants in the desert are for ced to make many adaption's in order to survive in this dry, hot land. Some adaption's are when rain falls they sprout at that moment. SpecialityReceives a extremely low amount of perspiration. More water is lost by evapotranspiration. Deserts can be Cold or hot. Cold deserts are usually covered in snow or ice. classified by their geographical location and dominant weather pattern. Sand covers about only 20% of earths deserts. Antarctica is actually the biggest desert. level of biodiversity I believe the level of biodiversity is hot and dry. Not to many living things live in the desert, because of heat. Deserts don't really have plants because it rarely rains. Animals that can live in the heat can sustained the deserts biodiversity.

Womens Reproductive Rights and the US Constitution

Womens Reproductive Rights and the US Constitution Limits on reproductive rights and decisions by women were mostly covered by state laws in the US until the last half of the 20th century when the Supreme Court began to make some decisions in court cases about pregnancy, birth control, and abortion. Following are key decisions in constitutional history about womens control over their reproduction. 1965: Griswold v. Connecticut In Griswold v. Connecticut, the Supreme Court found a right to marital privacy in choosing to use birth control, invalidating state laws that prohibited the use of birth control by married persons. 1973: Roe v. Wade In historic Roe v. Wade decision, the Supreme Court held that in the earlier months of pregnancy, a woman, in consultation with her doctor, could choose to have an abortion without legal restrictions, and could also make the choice with some restrictions later in pregnancy. The basis for the decision was the right to privacy, a right inferred from the Fourteenth Amendment. The case, Doe v. Bolton, was also decided that day, calling into question criminal abortion statutes. 1974: Geduldig v. Aiello Geduldig v. Aiello looked at a states disability insurance system which excluded temporary absences from work due to pregnancy disability and found that normal pregnancies did not have to be covered by the system. 1976: Planned Parenthood v. Danforth The Supreme Court found that spousal consent laws for abortions (in this case, in the third trimester) were unconstitutional because the pregnant womans rights were more compelling than her husbands. The Court did uphold that regulations requiring the womans full and informed consent were constitutional. 1977: Beal v. Doe, Maher v. Roe, and Poelker v. Doe In these abortion cases, the Court found that states were not required to use public funds for elective abortions. 1980: Harris v. Mcrae The Supreme Court upheld the Hyde Amendment, which excluded Medicaid payments for all abortions, even those that were found to be medically necessary. 1983: Akron v. Akron Center for Reproductive Health, Planned Parenthood v. Ashcroft, and Simopoulos v. Virginia In these cases, the Court struck down state regulations designed to dissuade women from abortion, requiring physicians to give advice that the physician might not agree with. The Court also struck down a waiting period for informed consent and a requirement that abortions after the first trimester be performed in licensed acute-care hospitals. The Court upheld, in Simopoulos v. Virginia, limiting second-trimester abortions to licensed facilities. 1986: Thornburgh v. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists The Court as asked by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists to issue an injunction on enforcement of a new anti-abortion law in Pennsylvania; the administration of President Reagan asked the Court to overturn Roe v. Wade in their decision. The Court upheld Roe on the basis of womens rights, but not on the basis of physicians rights. 1989: Webster v. Reproductive Health Services In the case of Webster v. Reproductive Health Services, the Court upheld some limits on abortions, including prohibiting the involvement of public facilities and public employees in performing abortions except to save the life of the mother, prohibiting counseling by public employees that might encourage abortions and requiring viability tests on fetuses after the 20th week of pregnancy. But the Court also stressed that it was not ruling on the Missouri statement about life beginning at conception, and was not overturning the essence of the Roe v. Wade decision. 1992: Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey In Planned Parenthood v. Casey, the court upheld both the constitutional right to have an abortion and some restrictions on abortions, while still upholding the essence of Roe v. Wade. The test on restrictions was moved from the heightened scrutiny standard established under Roe v. Wade and instead moved to looking at whether a restriction put an undue burden on the mother. The court struck down a provision requiring spousal notice and upheld other restrictions. 2000: Stenberg v. Carhart The Supreme Court found a law making partial-birth abortion was unconstitutional, violating the Due Process Clause (5th and 14th Amendments). 2007: Gonzales v. Carhart The Supreme Court upheld the federal Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003, applying the undue burden test.

Reflection paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Reflection paper - Essay Example In this chapter, Ms. Wright, is a renowned psychologist and sports nutritionist has explained different cases of eating disorders. Ms. Wright emphasizes in the readings that eating disorders are not just about food. There is a much more psychological reason why eating disorders are prevalent among the youth. One of the underlying reason for such disorder is a low self-esteem derived from wrong perspective of one’s physical appearance. Thus, most young people associate their lack of physical attractiveness to their self-worth which is very dangerous since they go to extreme lengths to maintain a certain ideal figure. Ironically, the media projects unhealthy images of beauty where waif like figures become the benchmark for young people. The chapter also discussed other underlying reasons for eating disorders, among them, dealing with the trauma of being away from family and friends for the first time, dealing with new pressures and new expectations as findings from the cases of Ms Wright reveals. As a conclusion, the chapter not only details the different eating disorders but their underlying causes as well. More so, the chapter informs the reader of the significance of an intervention program for eating disorders so that further damaging effect to the affected youth at-risk would be lessened. As revealed by the study, the adolescent and youth groups are the most affected segment by eating disorders. As such, this has serious implications to school officials especially school counselors since they are in direct contact with this group most of the time. Therefore, the school must be active in identifying at-risk youth once they are admitted in the school system. The school must conduct a discrete eating disorder test once a student has applied for admission in a school. Moreover, a new student must view a presentation regarding eating disorders. Once the result of the test is released, a one-on-one consultation with the school

Business Law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business Law - Assignment Example This expansion is part of its major plan to extend its portfolio and business context around the world, especially in the countries that it has not established its premises. The company’s main expansion idea is the establishment of hotels in the potential areas of business. It will set up Residence Inns in the projected areas. For instance, in the early 2012, the company is expected to launch such a hotel in Bahrain. Saudi Arabia is also set to have the company set up its premises by June 2010. In the year 2014, Marriott International projects to open a residence Inn hotel in Algiers (Derdak, 2007). Other regions identified in the major expansion initiative are Abu Dhabi and Dubai. Ed Fuller quotes, â€Å"We will probably open 20-30 Residence Inn hotels in the Mena region within the next 10 years† (Derdak, 2007). The President and the Managing Director of the company admits that the strongholds of the company lies in USA and Canada, but the major expansion plans over th e next several years will allow the company to diversify its portfolio. The company is interested in making its brand name recognized globally and not only in USA and Canada. Administrative Laws Relevant to Marriott’s Expansion Initiatives Marriott is a USA abased company. ... The expansion that the company seeks to make over the next few years is influenced by administrative laws observed in the individual countries that it seeks to establish its premises (Korper, 2001). The company will not be the first to enter into the markets in which it seeks to start its operations in. Marriott will therefore be expected to observe fair competition laws in the context of every market it penetrates. Price level issues may also characterize the operations of the company in foreign markets. When it starts its operations in foreign countries, it will be expected to act fairly to the existing domestic and foreign firms. Its pricing will not be expected to make the already established firms worse off. Operational and competition laws are the major administrative laws that the company will have to deal with. The company will also be expected to follow the required protocol in setting up its operations in the new regions that it targets. This means that the company will hav e to assess individual regional laws in the context of its interests in those regions. If these laws will be found to be favorable to the operations of the company, then the company can go ahead and establish its premises. If not, then the company management will be forced to evaluate the way forward. The most important thing to consider in this case is the negotiating and contract actualization procedures. The company must ensure that negotiations are effectively carried out prior to the establishment of the new premises. The required contracts will have to be effectuated before the company begins operations in the new regions. Such contracts will be required to meet